What does "kinesics" study?

Kinesics refers specifically to the study of body language and nonverbal communication, which encompasses gestures, facial expressions, posture, and other forms of nonverbal cues that convey meaning in human interactions. This field of study is crucial in cultural anthropology as it helps researchers understand how individuals from different cultures communicate beyond spoken language. By analyzing these nonverbal signals, anthropologists gain insights into cultural norms, social hierarchies, emotions, and interpersonal dynamics, offering a more comprehensive view of human behavior across diverse societies.

In contrast, the other choices focus on different aspects of cultural study. Written communication styles across cultures pertain to literacy and textual analysis, aesthetic preferences in art examine the criteria and values surrounding artistic expression, and religious practices in different societies explore the beliefs and rituals that define a culture's spirituality. Each of these areas represents an important field of inquiry but does not align with the specific focus of kinesics on nonverbal forms of communication.